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Fixed warnings in cpmlin and mlin

pre-master-46
Vadim Kuznetsov 7 months ago
committed by Holger Vogt
parent
c5d6d78fc5
commit
94740a3d2b
5 changed files with 312 additions and 309 deletions
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  1. 4
      src/xspice/icm/makedefs.in
  2. 309
      src/xspice/icm/tlines/cpmlin/cfunc.mod
  3. 8
      src/xspice/icm/tlines/mlin/cfunc.mod
  4. 284
      src/xspice/tlines/msline_common.c
  5. 16
      src/xspice/tlines/msline_common.h

4
src/xspice/icm/makedefs.in
View File

@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ BUILD_EXEEXT = @BUILD_EXEEXT@
INCLUDES = -I$(top_builddir)/src/include -I$(top_srcdir)/src/include INCLUDES = -I$(top_builddir)/src/include -I$(top_srcdir)/src/include
# CFLAGS to use here # CFLAGS to use here
EXTRA_CFLAGS = -fPIC
EXTRA_CFLAGS = -fPIC -Wshadow
DEPFLAGS = -MD -MF DEPFLAGS = -MD -MF
ISMINGW = $(shell uname | grep -c "MINGW32") ISMINGW = $(shell uname | grep -c "MINGW32")
ifeq ($(ISMINGW), 1) ifeq ($(ISMINGW), 1)
EXTRA_CFLAGS =
EXTRA_CFLAGS = -Wshadow
endif endif
ISCYGWIN = $(shell uname | grep -c "CYGWIN") ISCYGWIN = $(shell uname | grep -c "CYGWIN")
ifeq ($(ISCYGWIN), 1) ifeq ($(ISCYGWIN), 1)

309
src/xspice/icm/tlines/cpmlin/cfunc.mod
View File

@ -60,21 +60,6 @@ static DoubleComplex rdivide(double n1, DoubleComplex n2)
//static cpline_state_t *state = NULL; //static cpline_state_t *state = NULL;
static void cm_cpmline_callback(ARGS, Mif_Callback_Reason_t reason); static void cm_cpmline_callback(ARGS, Mif_Callback_Reason_t reason);
static void analyseQuasiStatic (double W, double h, double s,
double t, double er,
int SModel, double* Zle,
double* Zlo, double* ErEffe,
double* ErEffo);
static void analyseDispersion (double W, double h, double s,
double t, double er, double Zle,
double Zlo, double ErEffe,
double ErEffo, double frequency,
int DModel, double *ZleFreq,
double *ZloFreq,
double *ErEffeFreq,
double *ErEffoFreq);
static void calcPropagation (double W, double s, static void calcPropagation (double W, double s,
double er, double h, double t, double tand, double rho, double D, double er, double h, double t, double tand, double rho, double D,
int SModel, int DModel, double frequency) int SModel, int DModel, double frequency)
@ -82,11 +67,11 @@ static void calcPropagation (double W, double s,
// quasi-static analysis // quasi-static analysis
double Zle, ErEffe, Zlo, ErEffo; double Zle, ErEffe, Zlo, ErEffo;
analyseQuasiStatic (W, h, s, t, er, SModel, &Zle, &Zlo, &ErEffe, &ErEffo);
cpmslineAnalyseQuasiStatic (W, h, s, t, er, SModel, &Zle, &Zlo, &ErEffe, &ErEffo);
// analyse dispersion of Zl and Er // analyse dispersion of Zl and Er
double ZleFreq, ErEffeFreq, ZloFreq, ErEffoFreq; double ZleFreq, ErEffeFreq, ZloFreq, ErEffoFreq;
analyseDispersion (W, h, s, t, er, Zle, Zlo, ErEffe, ErEffo, frequency, DModel,
cpmslineAnalyseDispersion (W, h, s, t, er, Zle, Zlo, ErEffe, ErEffo, frequency, DModel,
&ZleFreq, &ZloFreq, &ErEffeFreq, &ErEffoFreq); &ZleFreq, &ZloFreq, &ErEffeFreq, &ErEffoFreq);
// analyse losses of line // analyse losses of line
@ -110,288 +95,6 @@ static void calcPropagation (double W, double s,
/* The function calculates the quasi-static dielectric constants and
characteristic impedances for the even and odd mode based upon the
given line and substrate properties for parallel coupled microstrip
lines. */
static void analyseQuasiStatic (double W, double h, double s,
double t, double er,
int SModel, double* Zle,
double* Zlo, double* ErEffe,
double* ErEffo) {
// initialize default return values
*ErEffe = er; *ErEffo = er;
*Zlo = 42.2; *Zle = 55.7;
// normalized width and gap
double u = W / h;
double g = s / h;
// HAMMERSTAD and JENSEN
if (SModel == HAMMERSTAD) {
double Zl1, Fe, Fo, a, b, fo, Mu, Alpha, Beta, ErEff;
double Pe, Po, r, fo1, q, p, n, Psi, Phi, m, Theta;
// modifying equations for even mode
m = 0.2175 + pow (4.113 + pow (20.36 / g, 6.), -0.251) +
log (pow (g, 10.) / (1 + pow (g / 13.8, 10.))) / 323;
Alpha = 0.5 * exp (-g);
Psi = 1 + g / 1.45 + pow (g, 2.09) / 3.95;
Phi = 0.8645 * pow (u, 0.172);
Pe = Phi / (Psi * (Alpha * pow (u, m) + (1 - Alpha) * pow (u, -m)));
// TODO: is this ... Psi * (Alpha ... or ... Psi / (Alpha ... ?
// modifying equations for odd mode
n = (1 / 17.7 + exp (-6.424 - 0.76 * log (g) - pow (g / 0.23, 5.))) *
log ((10 + 68.3 * sqr (g)) / (1 + 32.5 * pow (g, 3.093)));
Beta = 0.2306 + log (pow (g, 10.) / (1 + pow (g / 3.73, 10.))) / 301.8 +
log (1 + 0.646 * pow (g, 1.175)) / 5.3;
Theta = 1.729 + 1.175 * log (1 + 0.627 / (g + 0.327 * pow (g, 2.17)));
Po = Pe - Theta / Psi * exp (Beta * pow (u, -n) * log (u));
// further modifying equations
r = 1 + 0.15 * (1 - exp (1 - sqr (er - 1) / 8.2) / (1 + pow (g, -6.)));
fo1 = 1 - exp (-0.179 * pow (g, 0.15) -
0.328 * pow (g, r) / log (M_E + pow (g / 7, 2.8)));
q = exp (-1.366 - g);
p = exp (-0.745 * pow (g, 0.295)) / cosh (pow (g, 0.68));
fo = fo1 * exp (p * log (u) + q * sin (M_PI * log10 (u)));
Mu = g * exp (-g) + u * (20 + sqr (g)) / (10 + sqr (g));
Hammerstad_ab (Mu, er, &a, &b);
Fe = pow (1 + 10 / Mu, -a * b);
Hammerstad_ab (u, er, &a, &b);
Fo = fo * pow (1 + 10 / u, -a * b);
// finally compute effective dielectric constants and impedances
*ErEffe = (er + 1) / 2 + (er - 1) / 2 * Fe;
*ErEffo = (er + 1) / 2 + (er - 1) / 2 * Fo;
Hammerstad_er (u, er, a, b, &ErEff); // single microstrip
// first variant
Zl1 = Z0 / (u + 1.98 * pow (u, 0.172));
Zl1 /= sqrt (ErEff);
// second variant
Hammerstad_zl (u, &Zl1);
Zl1 /= sqrt (ErEff);
*Zle = Zl1 / (1 - Zl1 * Pe / Z0);
*Zlo = Zl1 / (1 - Zl1 * Po / Z0);
}
// KIRSCHNING and JANSEN
else if (SModel == KIRSCHING) {
double a, b, ae, be, ao, bo, v, co, d, ErEff, Zl1;
double q1, q2, q3, q4, q5, q6, q7, q8, q9, q10;
// consider effect of finite strip thickness (JANSEN only)
double ue = u;
double uo = u;
if (t != 0 && s > 10 * (2 * t)) {
double dW = 0;
// SCHNEIDER, referred by JANSEN
if (u >= M_1_PI / 2 && M_1_PI / 2 > 2 * t / h)
dW = t * (1 + log (2 * h / t)) / M_PI;
else if (W > 2 * t)
dW = t * (1 + log (4 * M_PI * W / t)) / M_PI;
// JANSEN
double dt = 2 * t * h / s / er;
double We = W + dW * (1 - 0.5 * exp (-0.69 * dW / dt));
double Wo = We + dt;
ue = We / h;
uo = Wo / h;
}
// even relative dielectric constant
v = ue * (20 + sqr (g)) / (10 + sqr (g)) + g * exp (-g);
Hammerstad_ab (v, er, &ae, &be);
Hammerstad_er (v, er, ae, be, ErEffe);
// odd relative dielectric constant
Hammerstad_ab (uo, er, &a, &b);
Hammerstad_er (uo, er, a, b, &ErEff);
d = 0.593 + 0.694 * exp (-0.562 * uo);
bo = 0.747 * er / (0.15 + er);
co = bo - (bo - 0.207) * exp (-0.414 * uo);
ao = 0.7287 * (ErEff - (er + 1) / 2) * (1 - exp (-0.179 * uo));
*ErEffo = ((er + 1) / 2 + ao - ErEff) * exp (-co * pow (g, d)) + ErEff;
// characteristic impedance of single line
Hammerstad_zl (u, &Zl1);
Zl1 /= sqrt (ErEff);
// even characteristic impedance
q1 = 0.8695 * pow (ue, 0.194);
q2 = 1 + 0.7519 * g + 0.189 * pow (g, 2.31);
q3 = 0.1975 + pow (16.6 + pow (8.4 / g, 6.), -0.387) +
log (pow (g, 10.) / (1 + pow (g / 3.4, 10.))) / 241;
q4 = q1 / q2 * 2 /
(exp (-g) * pow (ue, q3) + (2 - exp (-g)) * pow (ue, -q3));
*Zle = sqrt (ErEff / *ErEffe) * Zl1 / (1 - Zl1 * sqrt (ErEff) * q4 / Z0);
// odd characteristic impedance
q5 = 1.794 + 1.14 * log (1 + 0.638 / (g + 0.517 * pow (g, 2.43)));
q6 = 0.2305 + log (pow (g, 10.) / (1 + pow (g / 5.8, 10.))) / 281.3 +
log (1 + 0.598 * pow (g, 1.154)) / 5.1;
q7 = (10 + 190 * sqr (g)) / (1 + 82.3 * cubic (g));
q8 = exp (-6.5 - 0.95 * log (g) - pow (g / 0.15, 5.));
q9 = log (q7) * (q8 + 1 / 16.5);
q10 = (q2 * q4 - q5 * exp (log (uo) * q6 * pow (uo, -q9))) / q2;
*Zlo = sqrt (ErEff / *ErEffo) * Zl1 / (1 - Zl1 * sqrt (ErEff) * q10 / Z0);
}
}
/* The function computes the dispersion effects on the dielectric
constants and characteristic impedances for the even and odd mode
of parallel coupled microstrip lines. */
static void analyseDispersion (double W, double h, double s,
double t, double er, double Zle,
double Zlo, double ErEffe,
double ErEffo, double frequency,
int DModel, double *ZleFreq,
double *ZloFreq,
double *ErEffeFreq,
double *ErEffoFreq) {
// initialize default return values
*ZleFreq = Zle;
*ErEffeFreq = ErEffe;
*ZloFreq = Zlo;
*ErEffoFreq = ErEffo;
// normalized width and gap
double u = W / h;
double g = s / h;
double ue, uo;
double B, dW, dt;
// compute u_odd, u_even
if (t > 0.0) {
if (u < 0.1592) {
B = 2 * M_PI * W;
} else {
B = h;
}
dW = t * (1.0 + log(2 * B / t)) / M_PI;
dt = t / (er * g);
ue = (W + dW * (1.0 - 0.5 * exp( -0.69 * dW / dt ))) / h;
uo = ue + dt / h;
} else {
ue = u;
uo = u;
}
// GETSINGER
if (DModel == GETSINGER) {
// even mode dispersion
Getsinger_disp (h, er, ErEffe, Zle / 2,
frequency, ErEffeFreq, ZleFreq);
*ZleFreq *= 2;
// odd mode dispersion
Getsinger_disp (h, er, ErEffo, Zlo * 2,
frequency, ErEffoFreq, ZloFreq);
*ZloFreq /= 2;
}
// KIRSCHNING and JANSEN
else if (DModel == DISP_KIRSCHING) {
double p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, Fe;
double fn = frequency * h * 1e-6;
// even relative dielectric constant dispersion
p1 = 0.27488 * (0.6315 + 0.525 / pow (1 + 0.0157 * fn, 20.)) * ue -
0.065683 * exp (-8.7513 * ue);
p2 = 0.33622 * (1 - exp (-0.03442 * er));
p3 = 0.0363 * exp (-4.6 * ue) * (1 - exp (- pow (fn / 38.7, 4.97)));
p4 = 1 + 2.751 * (1 - exp (- pow (er / 15.916, 8.)));
p5 = 0.334 * exp (-3.3 * cubic (er / 15)) + 0.746;
p6 = p5 * exp (- pow (fn / 18, 0.368));
p7 = 1 + 4.069 * p6 * pow (g, 0.479) *
exp (-1.347 * pow (g, 0.595) - 0.17 * pow (g, 2.5));
Fe = p1 * p2 * pow ((p3 * p4 + 0.1844 * p7) * fn, 1.5763);
*ErEffeFreq = er - (er - ErEffe) / (1 + Fe);
// odd relative dielectric constant dispersion
double p8, p9, p10, p11, p12, p13, p14, p15, Fo;
p1 = 0.27488 * (0.6315 + 0.525 / pow (1 + 0.0157 * fn, 20.)) * uo -
0.065683 * exp (-8.7513 * uo);
p3 = 0.0363 * exp (-4.6 * uo) * (1 - exp (- pow (fn / 38.7, 4.97)));
p8 = 0.7168 * (1 + 1.076 / (1 + 0.0576 * (er - 1)));
p9 = p8 - 0.7913 * (1 - exp (- pow (fn / 20, 1.424))) *
atan (2.481 * pow (er / 8, 0.946));
p10 = 0.242 * pow (er - 1, 0.55);
p11 = 0.6366 * (exp (-0.3401 * fn) - 1) *
atan (1.263 * pow (uo / 3, 1.629));
p12 = p9 + (1 - p9) / (1 + 1.183 * pow (uo, 1.376));
p13 = 1.695 * p10 / (0.414 + 1.605 * p10);
p14 = 0.8928 + 0.1072 * (1 - exp (-0.42 * pow (fn / 20, 3.215)));
p15 = fabs (1 - 0.8928 * (1 + p11) *
exp (-p13 * pow (g, 1.092)) * p12 / p14);
Fo = p1 * p2 * pow ((p3 * p4 + 0.1844) * fn * p15, 1.5763);
*ErEffoFreq = er - (er - ErEffo) / (1 + Fo);
// dispersion of even characteristic impedance
double t, q11, q12, q13, q14, q15, q16, q17, q18, q19, q20, q21;
q11 = 0.893 * (1 - 0.3 / (1 + 0.7 * (er - 1)));
t = pow (fn / 20, 4.91);
q12 = 2.121 * t / (1 + q11 * t) * exp (-2.87 * g) * pow (g, 0.902);
q13 = 1 + 0.038 * pow (er / 8, 5.1);
t = quadr (er / 15);
q14 = 1 + 1.203 * t / (1 + t);
q15 = 1.887 * exp (-1.5 * pow (g, 0.84)) * pow (g, q14) /
(1 + 0.41 * pow (fn / 15, 3.) *
pow (u, 2 / q13) / (0.125 + pow (u, 1.626 / q13)));
q16 = q15 * (1 + 9 / (1 + 0.403 * sqr (er - 1)));
q17 = 0.394 * (1 - exp (-1.47 * pow (u / 7, 0.672))) *
(1 - exp (-4.25 * pow (fn / 20, 1.87)));
q18 = 0.61 * (1 - exp (-2.31 * pow (u / 8, 1.593))) /
(1 + 6.544 * pow (g, 4.17));
q19 = 0.21 * quadr (g) / (1 + 0.18 * pow (g, 4.9)) / (1 + 0.1 * sqr (u)) /
(1 + pow (fn / 24, 3.));
q20 = q19 * (0.09 + 1 / (1 + 0.1 * pow (er - 1, 2.7)));
t = pow (u, 2.5);
q21 = fabs (1 - 42.54 * pow (g, 0.133) * exp (-0.812 * g) * t /
(1 + 0.033 * t));
double re, qe, pe, de, Ce, q0, ZlFreq, ErEffFreq;
Kirschning_er (u, fn, er, ErEffe, &ErEffFreq);
Kirschning_zl (u, fn, er, ErEffe, ErEffFreq, Zle, &q0, &ZlFreq);
re = pow (fn / 28.843, 12.);
qe = 0.016 + pow (0.0514 * er * q21, 4.524);
pe = 4.766 * exp (-3.228 * pow (u, 0.641));
t = pow (er - 1, 6.);
de = 5.086 * qe * re / (0.3838 + 0.386 * qe) *
exp (-22.2 * pow (u, 1.92)) / (1 + 1.2992 * re) * t / (1 + 10 * t);
Ce = 1 + 1.275 * (1 - exp (-0.004625 * pe * pow (er, 1.674) *
pow (fn / 18.365, 2.745))) - q12 + q16 - q17 + q18 + q20;
*ZleFreq = Zle * pow ((0.9408 * pow (ErEffFreq, Ce) - 0.9603) /
((0.9408 - de) * pow (ErEffe, Ce) - 0.9603), q0);
// dispersion of odd characteristic impedance
double q22, q23, q24, q25, q26, q27, q28, q29;
Kirschning_er (u, fn, er, ErEffo, &ErEffFreq);
Kirschning_zl (u, fn, er, ErEffo, ErEffFreq, Zlo, &q0, &ZlFreq);
q29 = 15.16 / (1 + 0.196 * sqr (er - 1));
t = sqr (er - 1);
q25 = 0.3 * sqr (fn) / (10 + sqr (fn)) * (1 + 2.333 * t / (5 + t));
t = pow ((er - 1) / 13, 12.);
q26 = 30 - 22.2 * t / (1 + 3 * t) - q29;
t = pow (er - 1, 1.5);
q27 = 0.4 * pow (g, 0.84) * (1 + 2.5 * t / (5 + t));
t = pow (er - 1, 3.);
q28 = 0.149 * t / (94.5 + 0.038 * t);
q22 = 0.925 * pow (fn / q26, 1.536) / (1 + 0.3 * pow (fn / 30, 1.536));
q23 = 1 + 0.005 * fn * q27 / (1 + 0.812 * pow (fn / 15, 1.9)) /
(1 + 0.025 * sqr (u));
t = pow (u, 0.894);
q24 = 2.506 * q28 * t / (3.575 + t) *
pow ((1 + 1.3 * u) * fn / 99.25, 4.29);
*ZloFreq = ZlFreq + (Zlo * pow (*ErEffoFreq / ErEffo, q22) - ZlFreq * q23) /
(1 + q24 + pow (0.46 * g, 2.2) * q25);
}
}
void cm_cpmline (ARGS) void cm_cpmline (ARGS)
{ {
Complex_t z11, z12, z13, z14; Complex_t z11, z12, z13, z14;
@ -497,7 +200,7 @@ void cm_cpmline (ARGS)
} }
else if(ANALYSIS == TRANSIENT) { else if(ANALYSIS == TRANSIENT) {
calcPropagation(W,s,er,h,t,tand,rho,D,SModel,DModel,0); calcPropagation(W,s,er,h,t,tand,rho,D,SModel,DModel,0);
double t = TIME;
double time = TIME;
double Vp[PORT_NUM]; double Vp[PORT_NUM];
double Ip[PORT_NUM]; double Ip[PORT_NUM];
Vp[0] = INPUT(p1s); Vp[0] = INPUT(p1s);
@ -518,10 +221,10 @@ void cm_cpmline (ARGS)
if (TIME < last_time) { if (TIME < last_time) {
delete_cpline_last_state((cpline_state_t **)sim_points); delete_cpline_last_state((cpline_state_t **)sim_points);
} }
append_cpline_state((cpline_state_t **)sim_points, t, Vp, Ip, 1.2*delay);
append_cpline_state((cpline_state_t **)sim_points, time, Vp, Ip, 1.2*delay);
} }
if (t > delay && TModel == TRAN_FULL) {
cpline_state_t *pp = find_cpline_state(*(cpline_state_t **)sim_points, t - delay);
if (time > delay && TModel == TRAN_FULL) {
cpline_state_t *pp = find_cpline_state(*(cpline_state_t **)sim_points, time - delay);
if (pp != NULL) { if (pp != NULL) {
double J1e = 0.5*(Ip[3] + Ip[0]); double J1e = 0.5*(Ip[3] + Ip[0]);

8
src/xspice/icm/tlines/mlin/cfunc.mod
View File

@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ void cm_mlin (ARGS)
else if(ANALYSIS == TRANSIENT) { else if(ANALYSIS == TRANSIENT) {
calcPropagation(W,SModel,DModel,er,h,t,tand,rho,D,0); calcPropagation(W,SModel,DModel,er,h,t,tand,rho,D,0);
sim_points = &(STATIC_VAR(sim_points_data)); sim_points = &(STATIC_VAR(sim_points_data));
double t = TIME;
double time = TIME;
double V1 = INPUT(V1sens); double V1 = INPUT(V1sens);
double V2 = INPUT(V2sens); double V2 = INPUT(V2sens);
double I1 = INPUT(port1); double I1 = INPUT(port1);
@ -169,10 +169,10 @@ void cm_mlin (ARGS)
//fprintf(stderr,"Rollbacki time=%g\n",TIME); //fprintf(stderr,"Rollbacki time=%g\n",TIME);
delete_tline_last_state((tline_state_t **)sim_points); delete_tline_last_state((tline_state_t **)sim_points);
} }
append_state((tline_state_t **)sim_points, t, V1, V2, I1, I2, 1.2*delay);
append_state((tline_state_t **)sim_points, time, V1, V2, I1, I2, 1.2*delay);
} }
if (t > delay && TModel == TRAN_FULL) {
tline_state_t *pp = get_state(*(tline_state_t **)sim_points, t - delay);
if (time > delay && TModel == TRAN_FULL) {
tline_state_t *pp = get_state(*(tline_state_t **)sim_points, time - delay);
if (pp != NULL) { if (pp != NULL) {
double V2out = pp->V1 + zl*(pp->I1); double V2out = pp->V1 + zl*(pp->I1);
double V1out = pp->V2 + zl*(pp->I2); double V1out = pp->V2 + zl*(pp->I2);

284
src/xspice/tlines/msline_common.c
View File

@ -347,3 +347,287 @@ void analyseLoss (double W, double t, double er,
} }
} }
/* The function calculates the quasi-static dielectric constants and
characteristic impedances for the even and odd mode based upon the
given line and substrate properties for parallel coupled microstrip
lines. */
void cpmslineAnalyseQuasiStatic (double W, double h, double s,
double t, double er,
int SModel, double* Zle,
double* Zlo, double* ErEffe,
double* ErEffo) {
// initialize default return values
*ErEffe = er; *ErEffo = er;
*Zlo = 42.2; *Zle = 55.7;
// normalized width and gap
double u = W / h;
double g = s / h;
// HAMMERSTAD and JENSEN
if (SModel == HAMMERSTAD) {
double Zl1, Fe, Fo, a, b, fo, Mu, Alpha, Beta, ErEff;
double Pe, Po, r, fo1, q, p, n, Psi, Phi, m, Theta;
// modifying equations for even mode
m = 0.2175 + pow (4.113 + pow (20.36 / g, 6.), -0.251) +
log (pow (g, 10.) / (1 + pow (g / 13.8, 10.))) / 323;
Alpha = 0.5 * exp (-g);
Psi = 1 + g / 1.45 + pow (g, 2.09) / 3.95;
Phi = 0.8645 * pow (u, 0.172);
Pe = Phi / (Psi * (Alpha * pow (u, m) + (1 - Alpha) * pow (u, -m)));
// TODO: is this ... Psi * (Alpha ... or ... Psi / (Alpha ... ?
// modifying equations for odd mode
n = (1 / 17.7 + exp (-6.424 - 0.76 * log (g) - pow (g / 0.23, 5.))) *
log ((10 + 68.3 * sqr (g)) / (1 + 32.5 * pow (g, 3.093)));
Beta = 0.2306 + log (pow (g, 10.) / (1 + pow (g / 3.73, 10.))) / 301.8 +
log (1 + 0.646 * pow (g, 1.175)) / 5.3;
Theta = 1.729 + 1.175 * log (1 + 0.627 / (g + 0.327 * pow (g, 2.17)));
Po = Pe - Theta / Psi * exp (Beta * pow (u, -n) * log (u));
// further modifying equations
r = 1 + 0.15 * (1 - exp (1 - sqr (er - 1) / 8.2) / (1 + pow (g, -6.)));
fo1 = 1 - exp (-0.179 * pow (g, 0.15) -
0.328 * pow (g, r) / log (M_E + pow (g / 7, 2.8)));
q = exp (-1.366 - g);
p = exp (-0.745 * pow (g, 0.295)) / cosh (pow (g, 0.68));
fo = fo1 * exp (p * log (u) + q * sin (M_PI * log10 (u)));
Mu = g * exp (-g) + u * (20 + sqr (g)) / (10 + sqr (g));
Hammerstad_ab (Mu, er, &a, &b);
Fe = pow (1 + 10 / Mu, -a * b);
Hammerstad_ab (u, er, &a, &b);
Fo = fo * pow (1 + 10 / u, -a * b);
// finally compute effective dielectric constants and impedances
*ErEffe = (er + 1) / 2 + (er - 1) / 2 * Fe;
*ErEffo = (er + 1) / 2 + (er - 1) / 2 * Fo;
Hammerstad_er (u, er, a, b, &ErEff); // single microstrip
// first variant
Zl1 = Z0 / (u + 1.98 * pow (u, 0.172));
Zl1 /= sqrt (ErEff);
// second variant
Hammerstad_zl (u, &Zl1);
Zl1 /= sqrt (ErEff);
*Zle = Zl1 / (1 - Zl1 * Pe / Z0);
*Zlo = Zl1 / (1 - Zl1 * Po / Z0);
}
// KIRSCHNING and JANSEN
else if (SModel == KIRSCHING) {
double a, b, ae, be, ao, bo, v, co, d, ErEff, Zl1;
double q1, q2, q3, q4, q5, q6, q7, q8, q9, q10;
// consider effect of finite strip thickness (JANSEN only)
double ue = u;
double uo = u;
if (t != 0 && s > 10 * (2 * t)) {
double dW = 0;
// SCHNEIDER, referred by JANSEN
if (u >= M_1_PI / 2 && M_1_PI / 2 > 2 * t / h)
dW = t * (1 + log (2 * h / t)) / M_PI;
else if (W > 2 * t)
dW = t * (1 + log (4 * M_PI * W / t)) / M_PI;
// JANSEN
double dt = 2 * t * h / s / er;
double We = W + dW * (1 - 0.5 * exp (-0.69 * dW / dt));
double Wo = We + dt;
ue = We / h;
uo = Wo / h;
}
// even relative dielectric constant
v = ue * (20 + sqr (g)) / (10 + sqr (g)) + g * exp (-g);
Hammerstad_ab (v, er, &ae, &be);
Hammerstad_er (v, er, ae, be, ErEffe);
// odd relative dielectric constant
Hammerstad_ab (uo, er, &a, &b);
Hammerstad_er (uo, er, a, b, &ErEff);
d = 0.593 + 0.694 * exp (-0.562 * uo);
bo = 0.747 * er / (0.15 + er);
co = bo - (bo - 0.207) * exp (-0.414 * uo);
ao = 0.7287 * (ErEff - (er + 1) / 2) * (1 - exp (-0.179 * uo));
*ErEffo = ((er + 1) / 2 + ao - ErEff) * exp (-co * pow (g, d)) + ErEff;
// characteristic impedance of single line
Hammerstad_zl (u, &Zl1);
Zl1 /= sqrt (ErEff);
// even characteristic impedance
q1 = 0.8695 * pow (ue, 0.194);
q2 = 1 + 0.7519 * g + 0.189 * pow (g, 2.31);
q3 = 0.1975 + pow (16.6 + pow (8.4 / g, 6.), -0.387) +
log (pow (g, 10.) / (1 + pow (g / 3.4, 10.))) / 241;
q4 = q1 / q2 * 2 /
(exp (-g) * pow (ue, q3) + (2 - exp (-g)) * pow (ue, -q3));
*Zle = sqrt (ErEff / *ErEffe) * Zl1 / (1 - Zl1 * sqrt (ErEff) * q4 / Z0);
// odd characteristic impedance
q5 = 1.794 + 1.14 * log (1 + 0.638 / (g + 0.517 * pow (g, 2.43)));
q6 = 0.2305 + log (pow (g, 10.) / (1 + pow (g / 5.8, 10.))) / 281.3 +
log (1 + 0.598 * pow (g, 1.154)) / 5.1;
q7 = (10 + 190 * sqr (g)) / (1 + 82.3 * cubic (g));
q8 = exp (-6.5 - 0.95 * log (g) - pow (g / 0.15, 5.));
q9 = log (q7) * (q8 + 1 / 16.5);
q10 = (q2 * q4 - q5 * exp (log (uo) * q6 * pow (uo, -q9))) / q2;
*Zlo = sqrt (ErEff / *ErEffo) * Zl1 / (1 - Zl1 * sqrt (ErEff) * q10 / Z0);
}
}
/* The function computes the dispersion effects on the dielectric
constants and characteristic impedances for the even and odd mode
of parallel coupled microstrip lines. */
void cpmslineAnalyseDispersion (double W, double h, double s,
double t, double er, double Zle,
double Zlo, double ErEffe,
double ErEffo, double frequency,
int DModel, double *ZleFreq,
double *ZloFreq,
double *ErEffeFreq,
double *ErEffoFreq) {
// initialize default return values
*ZleFreq = Zle;
*ErEffeFreq = ErEffe;
*ZloFreq = Zlo;
*ErEffoFreq = ErEffo;
// normalized width and gap
double u = W / h;
double g = s / h;
double ue, uo;
double B, dW, dt;
// compute u_odd, u_even
if (t > 0.0) {
if (u < 0.1592) {
B = 2 * M_PI * W;
} else {
B = h;
}
dW = t * (1.0 + log(2 * B / t)) / M_PI;
dt = t / (er * g);
ue = (W + dW * (1.0 - 0.5 * exp( -0.69 * dW / dt ))) / h;
uo = ue + dt / h;
} else {
ue = u;
uo = u;
}
// GETSINGER
if (DModel == GETSINGER) {
// even mode dispersion
Getsinger_disp (h, er, ErEffe, Zle / 2,
frequency, ErEffeFreq, ZleFreq);
*ZleFreq *= 2;
// odd mode dispersion
Getsinger_disp (h, er, ErEffo, Zlo * 2,
frequency, ErEffoFreq, ZloFreq);
*ZloFreq /= 2;
}
// KIRSCHNING and JANSEN
else if (DModel == DISP_KIRSCHING) {
double p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, Fe;
double fn = frequency * h * 1e-6;
// even relative dielectric constant dispersion
p1 = 0.27488 * (0.6315 + 0.525 / pow (1 + 0.0157 * fn, 20.)) * ue -
0.065683 * exp (-8.7513 * ue);
p2 = 0.33622 * (1 - exp (-0.03442 * er));
p3 = 0.0363 * exp (-4.6 * ue) * (1 - exp (- pow (fn / 38.7, 4.97)));
p4 = 1 + 2.751 * (1 - exp (- pow (er / 15.916, 8.)));
p5 = 0.334 * exp (-3.3 * cubic (er / 15)) + 0.746;
p6 = p5 * exp (- pow (fn / 18, 0.368));
p7 = 1 + 4.069 * p6 * pow (g, 0.479) *
exp (-1.347 * pow (g, 0.595) - 0.17 * pow (g, 2.5));
Fe = p1 * p2 * pow ((p3 * p4 + 0.1844 * p7) * fn, 1.5763);
*ErEffeFreq = er - (er - ErEffe) / (1 + Fe);
// odd relative dielectric constant dispersion
double p8, p9, p10, p11, p12, p13, p14, p15, Fo;
p1 = 0.27488 * (0.6315 + 0.525 / pow (1 + 0.0157 * fn, 20.)) * uo -
0.065683 * exp (-8.7513 * uo);
p3 = 0.0363 * exp (-4.6 * uo) * (1 - exp (- pow (fn / 38.7, 4.97)));
p8 = 0.7168 * (1 + 1.076 / (1 + 0.0576 * (er - 1)));
p9 = p8 - 0.7913 * (1 - exp (- pow (fn / 20, 1.424))) *
atan (2.481 * pow (er / 8, 0.946));
p10 = 0.242 * pow (er - 1, 0.55);
p11 = 0.6366 * (exp (-0.3401 * fn) - 1) *
atan (1.263 * pow (uo / 3, 1.629));
p12 = p9 + (1 - p9) / (1 + 1.183 * pow (uo, 1.376));
p13 = 1.695 * p10 / (0.414 + 1.605 * p10);
p14 = 0.8928 + 0.1072 * (1 - exp (-0.42 * pow (fn / 20, 3.215)));
p15 = fabs (1 - 0.8928 * (1 + p11) *
exp (-p13 * pow (g, 1.092)) * p12 / p14);
Fo = p1 * p2 * pow ((p3 * p4 + 0.1844) * fn * p15, 1.5763);
*ErEffoFreq = er - (er - ErEffo) / (1 + Fo);
// dispersion of even characteristic impedance
double t, q11, q12, q13, q14, q15, q16, q17, q18, q19, q20, q21;
q11 = 0.893 * (1 - 0.3 / (1 + 0.7 * (er - 1)));
t = pow (fn / 20, 4.91);
q12 = 2.121 * t / (1 + q11 * t) * exp (-2.87 * g) * pow (g, 0.902);
q13 = 1 + 0.038 * pow (er / 8, 5.1);
t = quadr (er / 15);
q14 = 1 + 1.203 * t / (1 + t);
q15 = 1.887 * exp (-1.5 * pow (g, 0.84)) * pow (g, q14) /
(1 + 0.41 * pow (fn / 15, 3.) *
pow (u, 2 / q13) / (0.125 + pow (u, 1.626 / q13)));
q16 = q15 * (1 + 9 / (1 + 0.403 * sqr (er - 1)));
q17 = 0.394 * (1 - exp (-1.47 * pow (u / 7, 0.672))) *
(1 - exp (-4.25 * pow (fn / 20, 1.87)));
q18 = 0.61 * (1 - exp (-2.31 * pow (u / 8, 1.593))) /
(1 + 6.544 * pow (g, 4.17));
q19 = 0.21 * quadr (g) / (1 + 0.18 * pow (g, 4.9)) / (1 + 0.1 * sqr (u)) /
(1 + pow (fn / 24, 3.));
q20 = q19 * (0.09 + 1 / (1 + 0.1 * pow (er - 1, 2.7)));
t = pow (u, 2.5);
q21 = fabs (1 - 42.54 * pow (g, 0.133) * exp (-0.812 * g) * t /
(1 + 0.033 * t));
double re, qe, pe, de, Ce, q0, ZlFreq, ErEffFreq;
Kirschning_er (u, fn, er, ErEffe, &ErEffFreq);
Kirschning_zl (u, fn, er, ErEffe, ErEffFreq, Zle, &q0, &ZlFreq);
re = pow (fn / 28.843, 12.);
qe = 0.016 + pow (0.0514 * er * q21, 4.524);
pe = 4.766 * exp (-3.228 * pow (u, 0.641));
t = pow (er - 1, 6.);
de = 5.086 * qe * re / (0.3838 + 0.386 * qe) *
exp (-22.2 * pow (u, 1.92)) / (1 + 1.2992 * re) * t / (1 + 10 * t);
Ce = 1 + 1.275 * (1 - exp (-0.004625 * pe * pow (er, 1.674) *
pow (fn / 18.365, 2.745))) - q12 + q16 - q17 + q18 + q20;
*ZleFreq = Zle * pow ((0.9408 * pow (ErEffFreq, Ce) - 0.9603) /
((0.9408 - de) * pow (ErEffe, Ce) - 0.9603), q0);
// dispersion of odd characteristic impedance
double q22, q23, q24, q25, q26, q27, q28, q29;
Kirschning_er (u, fn, er, ErEffo, &ErEffFreq);
Kirschning_zl (u, fn, er, ErEffo, ErEffFreq, Zlo, &q0, &ZlFreq);
q29 = 15.16 / (1 + 0.196 * sqr (er - 1));
t = sqr (er - 1);
q25 = 0.3 * sqr (fn) / (10 + sqr (fn)) * (1 + 2.333 * t / (5 + t));
t = pow ((er - 1) / 13, 12.);
q26 = 30 - 22.2 * t / (1 + 3 * t) - q29;
t = pow (er - 1, 1.5);
q27 = 0.4 * pow (g, 0.84) * (1 + 2.5 * t / (5 + t));
t = pow (er - 1, 3.);
q28 = 0.149 * t / (94.5 + 0.038 * t);
q22 = 0.925 * pow (fn / q26, 1.536) / (1 + 0.3 * pow (fn / 30, 1.536));
q23 = 1 + 0.005 * fn * q27 / (1 + 0.812 * pow (fn / 15, 1.9)) /
(1 + 0.025 * sqr (u));
t = pow (u, 0.894);
q24 = 2.506 * q28 * t / (3.575 + t) *
pow ((1 + 1.3 * u) * fn / 99.25, 4.29);
*ZloFreq = ZlFreq + (Zlo * pow (*ErEffoFreq / ErEffo, q22) - ZlFreq * q23) /
(1 + q24 + pow (0.46 * g, 2.2) * q25);
}
}

16
src/xspice/tlines/msline_common.h
View File

@ -68,4 +68,20 @@ void analyseLoss (double, double, double, double,
double, double, int, double, double, int,
double*, double*); double*, double*);
void cpmslineAnalyseQuasiStatic (double W, double h, double s,
double t, double er,
int SModel, double* Zle,
double* Zlo, double* ErEffe,
double* ErEffo);
void cpmslineAnalyseDispersion (double W, double h, double s,
double t, double er, double Zle,
double Zlo, double ErEffe,
double ErEffo, double frequency,
int DModel, double *ZleFreq,
double *ZloFreq,
double *ErEffeFreq,
double *ErEffoFreq);
#endif #endif
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